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Hebrews (Hebrew: עברים or עבריים, Tiberian ', '; Modern Hebrew ', '; ISO 259-3 ', ') is a term appearing 34 times within 32 verses〔(Strong's Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible #5680 )〕〔(Step Bible )〕 of the Tanakh (Hebrew Bible). While the term was not an ethnonym,〔(Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible ), p.567, "Hebrew, Hebrews... A non-ethnic term"〕〔(Collapse of the Bronze Age ), p.266, quote: "Opinion has sharply swung away from the view that the Apiru were the earliest Israelites in part because Apiru was not an ethnic term nor were Apiru an ethnic group."〕 it is mostly taken as synonymous with the Semitic Israelites, especially in the pre-monarchic period when they were still nomadic, but in some instances it may also be used in a wider sense, referring to the Phoenicians, or to other ancient groups, such as the group known as Shasu of ''Yhw'' on the eve of the Bronze Age collapse.〔The Electronic Pennsylvania Sumerian Dictionary By the Roman era, Greek ''Hebraios'' could refer to the Jews in general, as Strong's Hebrew Dictionary puts it "any of the Jewish Nation"〔(Thayer's Lexicon )〕 and at other times more specifically to the Jews living in Judea. In Early Christianity, the Greek term ( NOM sg. masculine form, plural thereof ; feminine: , , respectively) refers to Christianizing Jews, as opposed to the gentile Christians and Christian Judaizers (Acts 6:1 among others). is the province where the Temple was located. In Armenian, Italian, Greek, Kurdish, Old French, Russian, Romanian and a few other languages the transfer of the name from Hebrew to Jew never took place, and "Hebrew" is the primary word used for a Jew.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Jewish Ghetto of Venice )〕 ==Etymology== The origin of the term remains uncertain. The biblical word ''Ivri'' (Hebrew: עברי), meaning to traverse or pass over, is usually rendered as ''Hebrew'' in English, from the ancient Greek ''Ἑβραῖος'' and Latin ''Hebraeus''. In the plural it is ''Ivrim'', or ''Ibrim''. In Shem, the elder brother of Ham and Japheth, first-born son of Noah, is referred to as the father of the sons of Eber (עבר), which may have a similar meaning. Some authors argue that Ibri denotes the descendants of the biblical patriarch Eber (Hebrew עבר), son of Shelah, a great grandson of Noah and an ancestor of Abraham,〔(Jewish Encyclopedia article on Eber )〕 hence the occasional anglicization ''Eberites''. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Hebrews」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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